Job growth and earnings for school counselors

The rate of job growth and earnings for school counselors depends greatly on the country that one is employed in and whether the school is funded publicly or privately. School Counselors working in international schools or "American" schools around the world may find similar work environments and expectations to the USA. School counselor pay varies based on the level of school counselor or school counselor roles, identity, expectations, and legal and certification requirements and expectations of each country. According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook^[75] (OOH) the median salaryfor school counselors in the USA in May 2006 was (USD) $53,750. In Australia, a survey by the Australian Guidance and Counseling Association found that school counselor salary ranged from (AUD) the high 50,000s to the mid 80,000s.

Education and professional credentials including certification for school counselors

The education of school counselors (school counsellors) around the world varies greatly based on the laws and cultures of specific countries and the historical influences of their respective educational and credentialing systems and professional identities related to who delivers academic, career, college readiness, and personal/social information, advising, curriculum, and counseling and related services.^[2].

In Canada, school counselors must be certified teachers with additional school counseling training.

In China, there is no national certification or licensure system for school counselors.

Korea requires school counselors in all middle and high schools.^[64]

In the Philippines, school counselors must be licensed with a master's degree in counseling.^[65]

Taiwan instituted school counselor licensure for public schools (2006) through advocacy from the ^[66]

In the USA, a school counselor is a certified educator with a master's degree in school counseling (usually from a Counselor Education graduate program)

School counselor roles, school counseling program framework, professional associations, and ethics

Professional School Counselors ideally implement a data-driven, evidence-based ^[36] comprehensive school counseling program that promotes and enhances student achievement, career and college access, and personal and social competencies at the elementary, middle, and high school levels ^[8]. A fully-implemented school counseling program ideally delivers academic, career, college access, and personal/social competencies to every student K-12—-just as a school district's mathematics program is for 100% of the students. School counselors, in most USA states, usually have a Master's degree in school counseling from a Counselor Education graduate program. In Canada, they must be licensed teachers with additional school counseling training and focus on academic, career, and personal/social issues. China requires at least three years of college experience. In Japan, school counselors were added in the mid-1990s, part-time basis and primarily focused on behavioral issues. In Taiwan, they are often teachers with recent legislation requiring school counseling licensure focused on individual and group counseling related to academic, career, and personal issues. In Korea, school counselors are mandated in middle and high schools.

They are employed in elementary, middle, and high schools and in district supervisory, counselor education faculty positions (usually with an earned Ph.D. in Counselor Education in the USA or related graduate doctorates abroad) and post-secondary settings doing academic, career, college readiness, and personal/social counseling, consultation, and program coordination.

School counseling history

The history of school counseling varies in how countries and schools provide academic, career, college access, and personal/social competencies to elementary, middle, and high school children and adolescents based on economic and social capital resources in a school counseling program 

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Canada

In Canada, most provinces ^[6] have adapted K-12 comprehensive school counseling programs similar to those initiated by ^[7] and adapted in the ASCA National Model^[8]. Various school counselors reported in 2004 at the Canadian Counseling Association (CCA) conference in Winnipeg on issues such as budget cuts, lack of clarity about school counselor roles, high student to school counselor ratios, especially in elementary schools, and how using a comprehensive school counseling model helped to clarify school counselor roles with teachers and administrators and strengthen the profession ^[9].

China

In China,^[10] discussed the main influences on school counseling as being Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao-Tsu, who provided early models of child and adult development ^[11] that later influenced the work of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers ^[12]. China also developed mental testing over 3,000 years ago, which was used for civil service examinations initially and eventually adopted by the British in the mid-1800s ^[13] and later in the USA. Currently only 15% of high school students are admitted to college in China, so the entrance exams are fiercely competitive and those who do enter university graduate at a rate of 99% ^[14].